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Endoscopy

Endoscopy at UVM Health

Endoscopy is the foundation of diagnosis and treatment of many types of gastrointestinal (GI) disease. An endoscope is a thin tube equipped with a camera and a range of tools. It allows your provider to see inside your gastrointestinal tract, collect tissue samples (biopsies) and perform a range of treatments.

At University of Vermont Health, we provide GI care tailored to your unique needs in a compassionate and supportive environment. Throughout your care journey, our team is by your side with guidance, support and reassurance.

Two medical providers perform an endoscopy on a patient.

Why Choose UVM Health?

As a leading gastroenterology program in the region, we offer:

  • Experience: Our board-certified gastroenterologists have extensive experience diagnosing and treating GI disorders. You also have access to physicians with specialized training and expertise if you need advanced care.
  • Advanced technology: Our facilities feature state-of-the-art technology equipped with powerful cameras, detailed imaging probes and agile surgical tools. We offer procedures you won’t find elsewhere in Vermont and northern New York.
  • Leading-edge research: As part of a health system anchored by an academic center, our physician-leaders have a rich history of research and innovation to improve care. Your provider may discuss participation in a clinical trial or research study with you.

Conditions We Treat

Gastroenterologists use endoscopies to diagnose and often treat many GI conditions, including:

Esophageal Conditions

Your esophagus runs from the back of your throat to your stomach. Common esophageal diseases and disorders include:

  • Barrett’s esophagus: A condition that causes cells that line the lower part of your esophagus to take on characteristics of cells that line your intestines
  • Eosinophilic esophagitis: A buildup of white blood cells called eosinophils in your esophagus that causes inflammation
  • Esophageal motility disorders: A group of conditions that occur when the muscles in your esophagus do not work properly, causing difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Reflux of stomach acid into your esophagus, which can cause heartburn or regurgitation
Stomach Conditions

Muscular contractions and acid in your stomach help digest food. Conditions that affect the stomach include:

  • Functional dyspepsia: Ongoing stomach aches or indigestion thought to be related to abnormal pain signals between the stomach and the brain
  • Gastroparesis: A condition in which food remains in your stomach too long
  • Peptic ulcer disease: Sores in the lining of your stomach caused by stomach acid, certain medications, or infection with a bacteria called H. pylori
Conditions of the Small and Large Intestines

Your small intestine and large intestine (colon) break down food, absorb water and nutrients and produce solid waste. Some diseases of the intestines are:

  • Celiac disease: An immune response to gluten that can damage the lining of your small intestine
  • Fecal incontinence: A condition in which you cannot control your bowel movements
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Inflammation in your GI tract caused by a mistaken immune response
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Irritation, but not inflammation, of your GI tract you can often manage through diet and lifestyle changes
  • Microscopic colitis: Inflammation in your colon that causes watery diarrhea
Pancreatic Conditions

Your pancreas helps control blood sugar levels in your body and produces chemicals that help break down food. Pancreatic conditions gastroenterologists treat include:

  • Chronic pancreatitis: Inflammation of your pancreas, usually caused by long-term alcohol use or cystic fibrosis
  • Pancreatic cyst: A fluid-filled sac inside your pancreas that sometimes carries a risk pancreatic cancer
Liver Conditions

Your liver produces bile, which helps break down fats during digestion. Liver disease can cause scarring (cirrhosis) and lead to liver failure. Types of liver disease include:

  • Alcoholic liver disease: A buildup of fat in your liver caused by heavy alcohol use that can result in inflammation and scarring
  • Autoimmune liver diseases: Conditions such as primary biliary cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis, that occur when your immune system attacks your liver
  • Congenital liver diseases: Genetic conditions, such as hemochromatosis and Wilson’s disease, that you inherit at birth
  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A buildup of fat in the liver in people who drink little or no alcohol
  • Viral hepatitis: A viral infection usually caused by a hepatitis virus
Conditions of the Bile Ducts and Gallbladder

Bile produced by the liver is stored in the gallbladder and flows to your small intestine through bile ducts. Diseases of these structures include:

  • Gallstones and bile duct stones: Hard formations of cholesterol and other substances in bile that form in your gallbladder or bile ducts
  • Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder, usually caused by a blocked bile duct
  • Sclerosing cholangitis: Inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts that occurs most often in people with inflammatory bowel disease
GI Cancer

Cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow out of control, forming tumors that can spread to other areas of your body. Gastrointestinal cancer can affect any part of your GI tract. Types of GI cancers we treat include:

Pediatric GI Conditions

Many GI conditions that affect adults are also common in children. A notable exception is GI cancer, which rarely occurs in childhood. Pediatric gastroenterologists at UVM Children’s Hospital perform diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopies for many pediatric GI conditions.

What to Expect

There are two main types of gastrointestinal endoscopies:

  • Upper endoscopy: Your provider guides the endoscope through your mouth to reach your esophagus, stomach and upper small intestine (duodenum).
  • Colonoscopy: Your provider inserts a special endoscope called a colonoscope into your rectum and colon.

Prior to an endoscopy, you will need to fast. Your provider will let you know what you can eat and drink in the days and hours before your procedure. For a colonoscopy, preparation also involves drinking a laxative solution to help empty your bowels.

During the procedure, you receive anesthesia to relax you and ensure you do not feel any discomfort (conscious sedation). Most endoscopies are outpatient procedures so you can go home after you wake up from the anesthesia. You will need someone to drive you home.

Endoscopic procedures we offer at UVM Health include:

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Our gastroenterologists perform a high volume of colonoscopies to screen for colorectal cancer. For people who are at average risk of colorectal cancer, screening usually begins at age 45. Find out more about colorectal cancer screening.

One of the benefits of colonoscopy is that your provider can remove precancerous polyps during the procedure, using small instruments inserted through the colonoscope. Polyp removal decreases your risk of developing colorectal cancer in the future.

Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation Therapy

Radiofrequency ablation is a treatment for Barrett’s esophagus. Your provider uses an electrode to deliver electrical impulses that heat diseased tissue and destroy it.

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Endoscopic mucosal resection is a procedure to treat advanced Barrett’s esophagus. Your provider suctions a small section of diseased esophageal tissue into a cap on the endoscope, creating a pouch. Your provider then seals the pouch with a rubber band and removes it.

Endoscopic Placement of Stents

A stent is a tube placed inside a passageway in the body to provide support and keep the passageway open. Our gastroenterologists are skilled at placing stents in the esophagus, stomach, colon and bile ducts. We most often use them when cancerous tumors block parts of the digestive tract.

Endoscopic Removal of Colorectal Polyps

Colorectal polyps are growths of tissue inside your large intestine that can become cancerous. Gastroenterologists typically remove small colorectal polyps during a colonoscopy. Our specialists also have experience removing large growths.

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

ECRP combines upper endoscopy and X-ray imaging to diagnose and treat conditions of the gallbladder, bile ducts and pancreatic ducts. In ERCP, your provider:

  1. Guides an endoscope to the opening where the pancreatic and bile ducts empty into your small intestine
  2. Slides a narrower tube through the endoscope into the ducts
  3. Injects a dye visible with an X-ray that can show a narrow or blocked duct

Your provider may pass small tools or lasers through the endoscope to:

  • Collect a tissue sample for laboratory analysis (biopsy)
  • Break up stones (lithotripsy)
  • Insert tubes (stents)
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)

EUS uses an endoscope with an ultrasound probe at the end to view structures outside the GI tract, such as the pancreas, bile duct and liver. With ultrasound guidance, your provider can pass fine needles, sensors and other tools through the endoscope into these nearby structures to perform procedures, such as:

  • Biopsy: Your provider collects a tissue sample by passing a fine needle through the endoscope and into the affected tissue.
  • Celiac plexus block: The celiac plexus is a bundle of nerves that carries signals between your digestive system and your brain. We treat pain caused by pancreatic cancer by injecting medication into these nerves.
  • Cyst gastrostomy: We use cyst gastrostomy to treat pancreatic cysts. Your provider bores a small hole through your stomach into the cyst, then places a stent to allow drainage into the intestinal tract.
  • Endohepatology procedures: Endohepatology includes several EUS procedures we use to diagnose and treat liver conditions through the digestive tract. Our advanced endoscopists are highly skilled in these precise procedures.
Esophageal Dilation

Acid reflux and other conditions can cause scarring and narrowing of the esophagus. In esophageal dilation, your provider uses thin plastic tubes to dilate the narrowed area (bougie dilation) or guides a deflated balloon through the narrowed area, then inflates the balloon to expand the esophagus.

Gastrostomy

Gastrostomy is a procedure to place a feeding tube in people who have difficulty eating or drinking on their own. The feeding tube runs from the outside of your abdomen to your stomach. Your provider makes a small incision through your abdomen into your stomach and places the tube with help of an endoscope.

Capsule Endoscopy

In capsule endoscopy, you swallow a small video camera shaped like a pill. As the capsule passes through your intestinal tract, it records a video. We typically use capsule endoscopy to examine areas of your small intestine we cannot access with traditional endoscopes.


Locations near you

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University of Vermont Medical Center

111 Colchester Ave
Burlington, VT 05401

802-847-0000

Golisano Children's Hospital

111 Colchester Ave
Burlington, VT 05401

802-847-0000

Central Vermont Medical Center

130 Fisher Road
Berlin, VT 05602

802-371-4100

Champlain Valley Physicians Hospital

75 Beekman Street
Plattsburgh, NY 12901

518-561-2000

Elizabethtown Community Hospital

75 Park Street
Elizabethtown, NY 12932

518-873-6377

Alice Hyde Medical Center

133 Park Street
Malone, NY 12953

518-483-3000

Porter Medical Center

115 Porter Drive
Middlebury, VT 05753

802-388-4701

Home Health & Hospice

1110 Prim Road
Colchester, VT 05446

802-658-1900

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