Concussion

Concussion Care at UVM Health

A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury caused by a blow or jolt to the head or body that causes the brain to move quickly inside the skull. Concussions are common and can occur during sports, falls, motor vehicle accidents, or everyday activities.

Most concussions are temporary, but early evaluation and proper care are important. At University of Vermont Health, teams use evidence-based guidelines to diagnose concussions and support safe recovery for patients of all ages across Vermont and northern New York.

Why Choose UVM Health?

As one of the leading rehabilitation programs in Vermont and northern New York, we offer:

Personalized treatment: We work with you to create a treatment plan based on your symptoms, needs and goals. Our specialists listen carefully, answer questions and help you take an active role in your recovery.
Care close to home: Rehabilitation therapies are offered in multiple locations throughout Vermont and northern New York, making it easy to access high-quality care close to where you live.

Concussion Causes

A concussion can occur from any event that causes the head or body to move suddenly, including:

Falls, especially in children and older adults
Sports and recreational injuries
Motor vehicle crashes
Being struck by an object
Physical collisions

You do not have to lose consciousness to have a concussion.

Concussion Symptoms

Seek medical care right away if symptoms worsen, or include repeated vomiting, severe headache, increasing confusion or loss of consciousness. Symptoms can begin immediately or appear hours to days after the injury. They vary from person to person and may include:

Physical Symptoms

Headache or pressure in the head
Dizziness or balance problems
Nausea or vomiting
Sensitivity to light or noise
Fatigue

Thinking & Memory Symptoms

Trouble concentrating or remembering
Feeling slowed down or “foggy”
Confusion

Emotional & Sleep Changes

Irritability or mood changes
Anxiety or sadness
Sleeping more or less than usual

Diagnosing Concussion

Your care team will start with a physical exam and review details of the injury and your medical history.

Diagnostic testing may include:

Neurologic exam: To evaluate thinking, memory, balance and coordination
Imaging tests: CT scan or MRI may be ordered if there are signs of a more serious injury

Concussion Treatment

Most concussions improve with time and appropriate care. Treatment may include:

Physical and mental rest early in recovery
A gradual, guided return to activity
Pain relief, such as acetaminophen (avoid medications unless recommended)
Follow-up visits to monitor recovery

Children, teens and athletes should not return to sports or high-risk activities until cleared by a medical professional. Returning too soon increases the risk of prolonged symptoms or repeat injury.

If symptoms last longer than expected, specialized concussion care and rehabilitation services may be recommended.