Electrolyte Imbalance

Electrolyte Imbalance Care at UVM Health

Electrolytes are minerals — such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium — that help keep your heart beating in a normal rhythm, allow your muscles to contract and balance fluid levels. An electrolyte imbalance happens when these minerals become too high or too low. Imbalances can develop quickly or gradually and may range from mild to life‑threatening.

Why Choose UVM Health?

At University of Vermont Health, our clinicians use evidence‑based approaches to diagnose and treat electrolyte disorders, providing coordinated care across our hospitals and clinics throughout Vermont and northern New York. We offer:

Dedicated specialists: Our board-certified nephrologists lead a team with expertise in diagnosing kidney disease, preserving kidney function and treating kidney failure – all of which can impact electrolyte imbalance.
Leading-edge research: As part of a health system anchored by an academic center, our physician-leaders participate in research and innovation to improve patient care.

Electrolyte Imbalance Symptoms

Common symptoms include:

Fatigue or low energy
Muscle cramps, twitches or weakness
Irregular or fast heartbeat
Nausea or vomiting
Confusion or trouble concentrating
Headache
Numbness or tingling in hands, feet or face
Seizures (in severe cases)

Seek care right away if you notice serious symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath or sudden confusion.

Diagnosing Electrolyte Imbalance

Your care team will start with a physical exam and a review of your medical history, including medications and recent illnesses.

Diagnostic testing may include:

Blood tests: To measure electrolyte levels
Urine tests: To assess how your kidneys are processing minerals
Electrocardiogram (EKG): To look for heart rhythm changes

Electrolyte Imbalance Treatment

Treatment depends on which electrolytes are out of balance and the underlying cause. Your provider will explain your results and create a personalized treatment plan.

Treatment options may include:

Fluids: Drinking fluids or receiving IV fluids to correct dehydration
Electrolyte replacement: Supplements taken by mouth or given through an IV
Medication changes: Adjusting or stopping medicines that affect electrolyte levels
Treating the underlying cause: Managing conditions such as kidney disease, infections or hormonal disorders

Your care team will work with you to choose a treatment plan that fits your needs, goals and lifestyle while helping you manage your symptoms confidently.