Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a way to provide nutrition without using the digestive tract. TPN is a liquid that contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals. It’s given through an I.V. tube (catheter) that is placed in a large vein. This allows the nutrients to go directly into the bloodstream. The blood then carries the nutrients to the tissues and organs that need them.

You may need TPN if you:

• Have an injury to or had part of your intestines removed.
• Have a problem that makes it hard to eat and digest food. These problems include inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) or pancreatitis.
• Have had some medical treatments. TPN lets your intestines rest during healing.

You can have TPN for days, weeks, or as long as needed. When your body is able to digest food, your doctor will stop giving you TPN.