Epididymitis is inflammation and infection of the long, tightly coiled tube (epididymis) that lies behind each testicle and collects sperm. Epididymitis can be caused by a urinary tract infection, a sexually transmitted infection, an enlarged prostate, or a urologic procedure.

Epididymitis usually starts suddenly. Symptoms can include pain, scrotal swelling, painful or frequent urination, and fever or chills.

Bacterial epididymitis is treated with antibiotics. Other treatments for epididymitis may include bed rest, ice packs, scrotal support with snug underwear or compression shorts, or pain medicine.

A person who has symptoms of epididymitis should avoid sexual intercourse until they see a doctor. This will reduce the risk of spreading a possible infection to a sex partner or partners. It is important for sex partners to be evaluated and treated for a possible infection.